In which of the following scenarios does RAS I apply?

The scenario that applies to Reasonable Articulable Suspicion (RAS I) is when there is a belief that criminal activity is afoot, which justifies a stop and detention. RAS refers to the legal standard that allows law enforcement officers to briefly detain a person for investigative purposes when they have specific and articulable facts to support the belief that the person may be involved in criminal activity.

In this context, the officer’s belief is based on observable behaviors, circumstances, or a combination of both that suggest criminal activity is occurring or is about to occur. This standard is less than probable cause, which is necessary for making an arrest or obtaining a search warrant. Instead, RAS is based on the officer's observations, experience, and training.

Considering the other scenarios, while believing someone is armed and dangerous (the first scenario) is a serious consideration for an officer's safety, it typically does not independently rise to the level of RAS without specific actions that suggest criminal activity. The instance of a crime just having been committed (the third scenario) would involve probable cause rather than RAS since the officer would have concrete evidence of a crime. The presence of multiple witnesses during an incident (the fourth scenario) may provide context or support